Turya plastike angahe buri munsi?

Isi ya none, umwanda wa plastike warushijeho gukomera. Umwanda wa plastike wagaragaye ku mpinga y'umusozi wa Everest, munsi y’inyanja y’Ubushinwa mu majyepfo ya metero zirenga 3.900, mu rubura rwa Arctique, ndetse no mu mwobo wa Mariana…

Mugihe cyibicuruzwa byihuta, turya ibiryo bipfunyitse bya pulasitike burimunsi, cyangwa tukakira ibintu byihuse, cyangwa tukarya ibintu mumasanduku yibiryo byihuse. Ikintu giteye ubwoba ni: ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki biragoye kubitesha agaciro, kandi bizatwara imyaka amagana kubora no kubura. .

Ikintu giteye ubwoba cyane nuko abahanga bavumbuye ubwoko 9 bwa ​​microplastique mumubiri wumuntu. Nk’uko ikinyamakuru Glowbal kibitangaza, ukurikije ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa na kaminuza ya Victoria, abantu bakuru b'Abanyamerika barya mikorobe 126 kugeza 142 buri munsi bakayihumeka buri munsi. 132-170 ibice bya plastiki.

Microplastique ni iki?

Ukurikije ibisobanuro by’intiti yo mu Bwongereza Thompson, microplastique bivuga ibice bya pulasitike nuduce dufite diameter ya microni 5. Niki gitekerezo cya microne zitarenze 5? Ni inshuro nyinshi munsi yumusatsi, kandi ntibishoboka ko ubibona n'amaso.

None se microplastique yibasiye umubiri wumuntu yaturutse he?

Hano hari amasoko menshi:

Products Ibicuruzwa byo mu mazi

Ibi biroroshye kubyumva. Iyo abantu bajugunye imyanda mu nzuzi, mu nyanja no mu biyaga uko bishakiye, imyanda ya pulasitike izabora mo uduce duto kandi duto hanyuma twinjire mu mubiri w’ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi. Mu nyanja, ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi bigera ku 114 byavumbuye microplastique mu mibiri yabo. Nyuma yuko abantu bahimbye plastike mu kinyejana cya 19, kugeza ubu hamaze gukorwa toni miliyari 8.3 za plastiki, kandi toni zirenga miliyoni 2 za plastiki z’imyanda zijugunywa bitavuwe hanyuma amaherezo zinjira mu nyanja.

② Koresha plastike mugutunganya ibiryo

Abahanga mu bya siyansi baherutse gukora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku bicuruzwa birenga 250 by’amazi y’amacupa mu bihugu 9 ku isi basanga amazi menshi y’amacupa arimo microplastique. Ndetse n'amazi ya robine byanze bikunze. Ikigo cy’iperereza muri Amerika cyakoze iperereza ku mazi ya robine mu bihugu 14 ku isi, kandi ibisubizo byagaragaje ko 83% by’amazi y’amazi arimo microplastique. Biragoye kwirinda microplastique no mumazi ya robine, ureke gukuramo agasanduku hamwe namata yicyayi cyamata ukunze guhura nabyo. Ubuso bwibi bikoresho busanzwe busizwe hamwe na polyethylene. Polyethylene izacika mo uduce duto.

Inkomoko utigeze utekereza-umunyu

Nibyo, umunyu urya burimunsi urashobora kuba ufite microplastique. Kuberako umunyu turya ukurwa mu nzuzi, inyanja n'ibiyaga. Guhumanya amazi byanze bikunze byangiza amafi yicyuzi. Iyi "fi yicyuzi" ni umunyu.

“Scientific American” yatangaje ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Shanghai y'Ubushinwa Ubusanzwe Ubushinwa:

Microplastique, nka polyethylene na selile, wasangaga mubirango 15 byumunyu byakusanyirijwe hamwe nabashakashatsi. Cyane cyane kumunyu winyanja, urenga 550 yu kilo, bakoze ibarwa: Ukurikije umunyu turya kumunsi, ingano ya microplastique umuntu arya mumunyu mumwaka irashobora kurenga 1.000!

Necess Ibikenerwa murugo buri munsi

Ntushobora kumenya ko niyo utajugunya imyanda, ibintu urimo ukoresha bizabyara microplastique buri munota. Kurugero, imyenda myinshi ubu irimo fibre chimique. Iyo utaye imyenda yawe mumashini imesa, imyenda izajugunya fibre nziza. Izi fibre zisohorwa namazi yimyanda, ari plastiki. Ntukarebe umubare wa microfibers. Abashakashatsi bavuga ko mu mujyi utuwe na miliyoni 1, toni 1 ya microfibre isohoka buri munsi, ibyo bikaba bihwanye n’imifuka ya pulasitike 150.000 idangirika. Byongeye kandi, ibicuruzwa byinshi byogusukura, nko kogosha, kwoza amenyo, izuba ryizuba, gukuramo maquillage, gusukura mumaso, nibindi, birimo ibintu byitwa "amasaro yoroshye" kugirango bisukure byimbitse, mubyukuri ni microplastique.

Ingaruka za microplastique kubantu

Microplastique ireremba mu nyanja ntishobora gutanga gusa umwanya wo kubaho no kubyara mikorobe zitandukanye, ariko kandi ikurura ibyuma biremereye hamwe n’imyanda ihumanya ikomeza kuba mu nyanja. Nka pesticide, retardants flame, biphenili polychlorine, nibindi, bigenda hamwe numuyaga winyanja kugirango bitere imiti yangiza ibidukikije. Ibice bya pulasitike ni bito bya diametre kandi birashobora kwinjira mu ngirabuzimafatizo hanyuma bikarundanyiriza mu mwijima, bigatera ingaruka ziterwa n'uburozi budakira. Irashobora kandi gusenya kwihanganira amara no gukingira indwara. Microplastique ntoya irashobora kwinjira mumitsi yamaraso na sisitemu ya lymphatique. Iyo intumbero runaka igeze, bizagira ingaruka zikomeye kuri sisitemu ya endocrine. Mu kurangiza, ni ikibazo gusa mbere yuko umubiri wumuntu umirwa na plastiki.

Guhangana na microplastique ahantu hose, abantu bashobora kwikiza bate?

Usibye guhamagarira kugabanya ikoreshwa ryibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki bikoreshwa mubuzima bwa buri munsi. Kugira ngo tugabanye kandi amaherezo tuvaneho ibintu bipfunyika bya pulasitiki hamwe ningingo, tugomba guteza imbere no guteza imbere ubundi buryo bwo gukoresha ibikoresho bishya. Shanghai Hui Ang Industrial Co., Ltd. yibanda ku kuzamura no gukoresha ibikoresho biodegradable PLA. PLA ikomoka kubutunzi bwibimera bishobora kuvugururwa (nkibigori, imyumbati, nibindi). Ibikoresho fatizo bya krahisi bisukurwa kugirango ubone glucose, hanyuma igasemburwa na glucose hamwe nubwoko bumwe na bumwe kugirango itange aside irike cyane, hanyuma aside irike ya polylactique ihindurwe na synthesis. Ifite ibinyabuzima byiza. Nyuma yo kuyikoresha, irashobora kwangirika rwose na mikorobe muri kamere mubihe byihariye, hanyuma ikabyara karuboni n'amazi. Bizwi nkibikoresho bitangiza ibidukikije. Shanghai Hui Ang Inganda yubahiriza igitekerezo cyo kurengera ibidukikije “gikomoka kuri kamere no gusubira muri kamere”, kandi yiyemeje kureka ibicuruzwa byangirika bikinjira muri buri muryango. Yakoze ikirango cyisoko ryabanyabukorikori. Ibicuruzwa birimo ibyatsi, imifuka yo guhaha, imifuka yimyanda, ibikapu byamatungo, nandi mashashi abika neza. , Cling firime hamwe nuruhererekane rwibicuruzwa byangiza ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije, nyamuneka reba isoko ryabanyabukorikori kubirango biodegradable byuzuye.